LimeSDR: Flexible, Next-generation, Open Source Software Defined Radio
<html> <p>EE, the UK’s largest operator and with the most innovative 4G deployment, has backed the campaign at the 100-pack pledge level! They will distribute the 100 LimeSDRs to educational institutions across the UK. <a href=„https://www.crowdsupply.com/lime-micro/limesdr/updates/ee-becomes-campaign-backer“>Read the full update here.</a></p>
<h2 id=„a-software-defined-radio-for-everyone“>A Software Defined Radio for Everyone</h2> <p>LimeSDR is a low cost, open source, apps-enabled (more on that later) software defined radio (SDR) platform that can be used to support just about any type of wireless communication standard. LimeSDR can send and receive UMTS, LTE, GSM, LoRa, Bluetooth, Zigbee, RFID, and Digital Broadcasting, to name but a few.</p> <p>While most SDRs have remained in the domain of RF and protocol experts, LimeSDR is usable by anyone familiar with the idea of an app store - it’s the first SDR to integrate with Snappy Ubuntu Core. This means you can easily download new LimeSDR apps from developers around the world. If you’re a developer yourself, you can share and/or sell your LimeSDR apps through Snappy Ubuntu Core as well.</p> <p>The LimeSDR platform gives students, inventors, and developers an intelligent and flexible device for manipulating wireless signals, so they can learn, experiment, and develop with freedom from limited functionality and expensive proprietary devices.</p>
<h2 id=„from-radio-astronomy-to-personal-telcos“>From Radio Astronomy to Personal Telcos</h2> <p>Here are just some of the applications that are possible with the LimeSDR:</p> <ul><li>Radio astronomy</li> <li>RADAR</li> <li>2G to 4G cellular basestation</li> <li>Media streaming</li> <li>IoT gateway</li> <li>HAM radio</li> <li>Wireless keyboard and mice emulation and detection</li> <li>Tire pressure monitoring systems</li> <li>Aviation transponders</li> <li>Utility meters</li> <li>Drone command and control</li> <li>Test and measurement</li> <li>Many more…</li> </ul><p>With state-of-the-art technical specs, fully open hardware and toolchain, and integration with Snappy Ubuntu Core’s app distribution platform, LimeSDR is limited only by our collective imagination.</p>
<h2 id=„features-specifications“>Features & Specifications</h2> <ul><li><strong>RF Transceiver:</strong> Lime Microsystems LMS7002M MIMO FPRF <a href=„https://github.com/myriadrf/LMS7002M-docs“>(Datasheet)</a></li> <li><strong>FPGA:</strong> Altera Cyclone IV EP4CE40F23 - also compatible with EP4CE30F23</li> <li><strong>Memory:</strong> 256 MBytes DDR2 SDRAM</li> <li><strong>USB 3.0 controller:</strong> Cypress USB 3.0 CYUSB3014-BZXC</li> <li><strong>Oscillator:</strong> Rakon RPT7050A @30.72MHz <a href=„http://www.rakon.com/products/families/download/file?fid=39.225“>(Datasheet)</a></li> <li><strong>Continuous frequency range:</strong> 100 kHz – 3.8 GHz</li> <li><strong>Bandwidth:</strong> 61.44 MHz</li> <li><strong>RF connection:</strong> 10 U.FL connectors (6 RX, 4 TX)</li> <li><strong>Power Output (CW):</strong> up to 10 dBm</li> <li><strong>Multiplexing:</strong> 2×2 MIMO</li> <li><strong>Power:</strong> micro USB connector or optional external power supply</li> <li><strong>Status indicators:</strong> programmable LEDs</li> <li><strong>Dimensions:</strong> 100 mm x 60 mm</li> </ul><h4 id=„antenna-accessory-pack-pledge“>Antenna accessory pack pledge</h4> <ul><li>Four antennas with SMA connectors included</li> <li>Four U.FL to SMA cables included - 8” (~203mm) cable, not measuring connectors</li> <li>Antennas are omni-directional, and bend to -90, -45, 0, 45, and 90 degrees</li> <li>Antennas tuned to the major bands: 800-960MHz / 1710-2170MHz / 2400-2700MHz</li> </ul><h3 id=„block-diagram“>Block Diagram</h3>
<h3 id=„comparisons“>Comparisons</h3> <p>
<table class="table table-markdown"><thead><tr><th/>
<th>HackRF One</th> <th>Ettus B200</th> <th>Ettus B210</th> <th>BladeRF x40</th> <th>RTL-SDR</th> <th class=„ active“>LimeSDR </th> </tr></thead><tbody readability=„5“><tr><td>Frequency Range</td> <td>1MHz-6GHz</td> <td>70MHz-6GHz</td> <td>70MHz-6GHz</td> <td>300MHz-3.8GHz</td> <td>22MHz-2.2GHz</td> <td class=„ active“>100kHz-3.8GHz </td> </tr><tr><td>RF Bandwidth</td> <td>20MHz</td> <td class=„ success“>61.44MHz </td> <td class=„ success“>61.44MHz </td> <td>40MHz</td> <td class=„ danger“>3.2MHz </td> <td class=„ success“>61.44MHz </td> </tr><tr><td>Sample Depth</td> <td>8 bits</td> <td class=„ success“>12 bits </td> <td class=„ success“>12 bits </td> <td class=„ success“>12 bits </td> <td>8 bits</td> <td class=„ success“>12 bits </td> </tr><tr readability=„1“><td>Sample Rate</td> <td>20MSPS</td> <td class=„ success“>61.44MSPS </td> <td class=„ success“>61.44MSPS </td> <td>40MSPS</td> <td class=„ danger“>3.2MSPS </td> <td class=„ success“>61.44MSPS (Limited by USB 3.0 data rate) </td> </tr><tr readability=„1“><td>Transmitter Channels</td> <td>1</td> <td>1</td> <td class=„ success“>2 </td> <td>1</td> <td class=„ danger“>0 </td> <td class=„ success“>2 </td> </tr><tr><td>Receivers</td> <td>1</td> <td>1</td> <td class=„ success“>2 </td> <td>1</td> <td>1</td> <td class=„ success“>2 </td> </tr><tr><td>Duplex</td> <td class=„ danger“>Half </td> <td class=„ success“>Full </td> <td class=„ success“>Full </td> <td class=„ success“>Full </td> <td class=„ danger“>N/A </td> <td class=„ success“>Full </td> </tr><tr><td>Interface</td> <td>USB 2.0</td> <td class=„ success“>USB 3.0 </td> <td class=„ success“>USB 3.0 </td> <td class=„ success“>USB 3.0 </td> <td>USB 2.0</td> <td class=„ success“>USB 3.0 </td> </tr><tr readability=„1“><td>Programmable Logic Gates</td> <td>64 macrocell CPLD</td> <td>75k</td> <td>100k</td> <td>40k (115k avail)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td class=„ active“>40k </td> </tr><tr readability=„3“><td>Chipset</td> <td>MAX5864, MAX2837, RFFC5072</td> <td>AD9364</td> <td>AD9361</td> <td>LMS6002M</td> <td>RTL2832U</td> <td class=„ active“>LMS7002M </td> </tr><tr><td>Open Source</td> <td class=„ success“>Full </td> <td>Schematic, Firmware</td> <td>Schematic, Firmware</td> <td>Schematic, Firmware</td> <td class=„ danger“>No </td> <td class=„ success“>Full </td> </tr><tr readability=„3“><td>Oscillator Precision</td> <td class=„ danger“>+/-20ppm </td> <td>+/-2ppm</td> <td>+/-2ppm</td> <td>+/-1ppm</td> <td>?</td> <td class=„ success“>+/-1ppm initial, +/-4ppm stable </td> </tr><tr readability=„2“><td>Transmit Power</td> <td>-10dBm+ (15dBm @ 2.4GHz)</td> <td>10dBm+</td> <td>10dBm+</td> <td>6dBm</td> <td class=„ danger“>N/A </td> <td class=„ active“>0 to 10dBm (depending on frequency) </td> </tr><tr readability=„1“><td>Price</td> <td>$299</td> <td>$686</td> <td class=„ danger“>$1,119 </td> <td>$420 ($650)</td> <td class=„ success“>~$10 </td> <td class=„ success“>$299 ($289 pre-order) </td> </tr></tbody></table></p>
<h2 id=„free-and-open-source“>Free and Open Source</h2> <p>Over the last three years, we’ve worked on numerous open source projects, all made available through <a href=„https://myriadrf.org/“>Myriad-RF</a>. This is no different, open source is central to LimeSDR:</p> <ul><li><strong>Board schematics:</strong> <a href=„https://github.com/myriadrf/LimeSDR-USB“>Altium project files</a> available under CC BY 3.0 licence.</li> <li><strong>Board layout:</strong> <a href=„https://github.com/myriadrf/LimeSDR-USB“>Altium project files</a> available under CC BY 3.0 licence.</li> <li><strong>Manufacturing:</strong> <a href=„https://github.com/myriadrf/LimeSDR-USB“>Gerbers, drill, and pick & place files</a> are also available under CC BY 3.0 licence.</li> <li><strong>FPGA:</strong> <a href=„https://github.com/myriadrf/LimeSDR-USB_GW“>Altera Quartus</a> project available under CC BY 3.0 licence.</li> <li><strong>Host connectivity:</strong> <a href=„https://github.com/myriadrf/LimeSDR-USB_FX3“>Cypress FX3 USB 3.0 controller firmware sources</a> available under Apache 2.0 licence.</li> <li><strong>Host software:</strong> <a href=„https://github.com/MyriadRF/LimeSuite“>driver and GUI sources</a> available under Apache 2.0 licence.</li> <li><strong>Programming toolchain packages:</strong> <a href=„https://launchpad.net/~myriadrf/+archive/ubuntu/gnuradio“>GNU Radio</a>, <a href=„https://launchpad.net/~pothosware“>Pothos</a>, <a href=„https://launchpad.net/~myriadrf/+archive/ubuntu/drivers“>SoapySDR</a>, <a href=„https://launchpad.net/~myriadrf/+archive/ubuntu/drivers“>UHD</a>.</li> <li><strong>Documentation:</strong> <a href=„https://github.com/myriadrf/LMS7002M-docs“>transceiver datasheets</a> are NDA-free.</li> <li><strong>Downloadable apps:</strong> <a href=„http://www.ubuntu.com/cloud/snappy“>Snappy Ubuntu Core</a>, licensing up to app developers.</li> </ul><p>Like the move to open source software with general purpose computers, the programmable, fully open source LimeSDR represents a fundamental shift away from the traditionally single-function and heavily proprietary wireless domain.</p>
<h2 id=„huge-application-ecosystem-with-snappy-ubuntu-core“>Huge Application Ecosystem with Snappy Ubuntu Core</h2> <p>We’ve been working directly with the IoT team at Canonical, the makers of Ubuntu, to enable the use of Snappy Ubuntu Core on LimeSDR.</p> <p>LimeSDR’s integration with Snappy Ubuntu Core means that you benefit from the collective work of developers around the world. With LimeSDR, we are laying the foundation for a world in which “there’s an app for that” applies not only to mobile phones, but also to the cell towers they connect to and, indeed, every wireless device or piece of infrastructure.</p> <p>LimeSDR brings with it many opportunities for educational and maker communities, empowering them to learn, and create new applications and even new markets. LimeSDR puts serious power in the hands of anyone who wants to innovate in the world of wireless. We no longer have to wait for established interests to innovate on our behalf.</p>
<h2 id=„already-being-integrated-into-massive-networks“>Already Being Integrated into Massive Networks</h2> <p>To further provide the framework for developers to create the next generation of wireless applications, in addition to partnering with Canonical/Ubuntu, we are also <a href=„http://ee.co.uk/our-company/newsroom/2016/ee-announces-next-phase-in-open-source-networks-with-leading-uk-innovators/ee-announces-next-phase-in-open-source-networks-with-leading-uk-innovators“>partnering with the UK’s largest mobile carrier</a> to deploy LimeSDRs on an experimental basis onto their network. This means that your application on LimeSDR might one day be deployed on massive networks.</p>
<h2 id=„robust-developer-toolchain“>Robust Developer Toolchain</h2> <p>We’ve put significant effort into ensuring that backers will have a first class out-of-box experience by providing support for a vast array of open source SDR ecosystem software. This is thanks to a host driver architecture that supports both the SoapySDR and UHD APIs. With this support, you can be up and running with many existing applications in no time at all. In addition to providing the streaming interface, the driver also supports advanced features such as timed TX bursts and RX sample timestamps, as required for use with GSM and other time-sensitive protocols.</p> <h3 id=„detailed-use-case-wireless-multi-tool“>Detailed Use Case: Wireless Multi-tool</h3> <p>LimeSDR and its toolchain have already been used to <a href=„http://www.rs-online.com/designspark/electronics/eng/blog/an-intel-powered-wireless-multi-tool-for-the-iot-part-2“>create a Wireless Multi-tool for IoT</a>, including <a href=„https://github.com/DesignSparkrs/sdr-ble-demo/“>complete source code</a> that demonstrates:</p> <ul><li>Bluetooth Low Energy decoding</li> <li>RC mains switch control</li> <li>Integration of BLE decoding with RC mains switch control</li> </ul><p>Of course, these examples don’t take advantage of the performance and high data rates available with LimeSDR, but they do demonstrate the basics.</p>
<h3 id=„host-driver“>Host Driver</h3> <p>The LimeSDR’s host driver is built on top of Lime Suite, a low level library that takes care of programming and calibration for the LMS7002M FPRF transceiver. <a href=„https://github.com/myriadrf/LimeSuite“>Lime Suite</a> also provides a GUI that lets you directly read and write to registers, update the Cypress FX3 USB 3.0 controller firmware and Altera Cyclone IV FPGA bitstream, and display FFT plots.</p> <p>We used <a href=„https://github.com/pothosware/SoapySDR/wiki“>SoapySDR</a>, the vendor/platform neutral SDR support library, to provide a C++ API with C wrapper and Python bindings. This architecture is modular and supports plugins, such as the <a href=„https://github.com/pothosware/SoapyUHD/wiki“>UHD module</a>, which lets LimeSDR use the UHDTM API, allowing access to a diverse array of existing SDR ecosystem software. The library also enables <a href=„https://github.com/pothosware/SoapyRemote/wiki“>remote access support</a>, which allows LimeSDR to be accessed transparently over the network by applications running on other hosts.</p> <p>Rapid application development is further enhanced with the combination of <a href=„http://www.pothosware.com/“>Pothos</a> dataflow programming software suite and <a href=„http://gnuradio.org/“>GNU Radio</a>. With an extensive collection of DSP and related blocks, together with GUI environments that allow all manner of applications — from Bluetooth and WiFi to RADAR and radio astronomy — this combo lets you rapidly and easily build an application stack.</p> <p>The development environment is made even more accessible by the fact that the host driver, Lime Suite, and SoapySDR are all open source, as are Pothos and GNU Radio. The full Altium design database for LimeSDR, along with the USB controller firmware and FPGA RTL is also open source, meaning that if you need to implement some new firmware or FPGA feature, you can — in fact, you’re even free to make your own variant of the LimeSDR hardware and use elements of it in your own designs. In addition, a KiCAD recapture and layout is planned.</p>
<h3 id=„pcie-variant“>PCIe Variant</h3> <p>In addition to the standard LimeSDR that interfaces to the host computer via USB 3.0, there is also a variant of the LimeSDR that interfaces to the host computer via PCIe and is otherwise has the identical feature set.</p>
<h2 id=„who-is-behind-limesdr“>Who is behind LimeSDR?</h2> <p>Lime Microsystems has been developing field programmable RF chips for over a decade. Now, we have partnered with Canonical/Ubuntu to provide the framework for open source developers to create the next generation of wireless applications. This, along with our <a href=„http://ee.co.uk/our-company/newsroom/2016/ee-announces-next-phase-in-open-source-networks-with-leading-uk-innovators/ee-announces-next-phase-in-open-source-networks-with-leading-uk-innovators“>partnership with the UK’s largest mobile carrier</a>, could mean that your application on LimeSDR may one day be deployed on a wide scale.</p> <p>We’ve also been working on the development of a first class driver for LimeSDR with Josh Blum, the original creator of GNU Radio Companion and developer of SoapySDR and Pothos.</p> <p>LimeSDR will be supported via <a href=„https://myriadrf.org“>Myriad-RF</a>, the initiative and community founded by Lime Micro that is fully dedicated to democratising wireless communications. Join us!</p> </html>
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